Muhan

Overview

Mu Han was a member of the Shumulu clan of the Plain White Banner of the Manchus during the early Qing Dynasty, residing in the Hunchun Dumahu area. Volume Six of the official clan genealogy compiled during the Qianlong reign, *The General Genealogy of the Manchu Clans of the Eight Banners*, records that he led his brothers and others to submit to the Qing Dynasty at the beginning of the reign, forming a Zuo Ling (military command), which was managed by his son Yihan. Later, it was managed by Gurmahun, who was dismissed due to some incident. The specific antecedent of "his brothers" in the original text still needs verification through punctuation in the original inscription; this article does not insist that Gurmahun was Mu Han's brother. Leading the people to submit and managing the Zuo Ling are different facts and should be recorded separately.

The Zuo Ling had two meanings: a basic-level military household organization and an administrative officer. Organizing the submitted clansmen into Zuo Ling meant entering the Eight Banners' military household, service, and status management system. Among the descendants of the original text, Duoqi served as a scribe, Wushi as a third-class bodyguard, and Song Ali as a herdsman; bodyguards were officials responsible for guarding the palace, scribes handled documents, and herdsmen were involved in animal husbandry, so they could not be combined into a single military position.

The clan also lists figures such as Shunu, who served as Vice Censor-in-Chief of the Censorate; Kuodai, who served as Director-General of the Imperial Household Department and Deputy Commander-in-Chief; and Aita, who died in battle and was posthumously awarded the title of Yunqiwei. These are mostly experiences from collateral branches. The original annotation clearly states that Mu Han was related to Zhu Hu, a bondservant of the Plain Blue Banner, and that their kinship cannot be directly changed to that of brothers. Du Ma Hu has the character "village" (village) in the adjacent section, but the electronic text has questionable forms of the character "timber or material" (material), and the specific modern location has not been verified; this text retains the historical place name and lists the original inscribed character form pending verification.