Zhuo Duan

Overview

Zhuo Duan was a member of the Plain Red Banner of the Xilin Gioro clan, whose family had lived in Fola for generations before submitting to the Qing dynasty at the beginning of the dynasty. The official Qing dynasty genealogy, *The General Genealogy of the Manchu Clans of the Eight Banners*, Volume 17, further notes that he was of the same clan as Ayanga, a fellow villager of the Bordered Blue Banner. This illustrates that clan affiliation and banner affiliation are not the same concept: different branches of the same clan could belong to different banners. The original genealogy records that Zhuo Duan's great-great-grandson, Hangsu, served as a defense officer, and Taidu as a cavalry captain. Zhuo Keshiku served as a military officer in the Yunnan campaign against Wu Sangui's army and was awarded the title of Yunqiwei. The military officer managed the lower-level soldiers of the military, the cavalry captain belonged to the cavalry battalion, and the defense officer was part of the banner garrison system; these three titles should not be combined into one position. After Zhuo Keshiku's death, his son, Bahazhan, and grandson, Fumingluxiang, inherited the hereditary position. Zhuo Duan's fourth-generation descendant, Tangka, served as an extra deputy commander at the time; the term "extra" indicates an appointment outside the fixed quota and should be retained, not omitted and written as an ordinary deputy commander. The original document did not provide Zhuo Duan's position or dates of birth and death, and the precise location of Foala also needs to be verified in conjunction with other geographical data.