Qingshan

Overview

Qingshan is a member of the Niohele clan recorded in Volume 46 of the Qing Dynasty's official compilation, *The Comprehensive Genealogy of the Manchu Clans of the Eight Banners*. He belonged to the Plain Red Banner and lived in Anchulaku for generations, submitting to the Qing Dynasty at its beginning. This entry primarily records the military achievements of his grandson, Bulha: Bulha participated in the battles against Li Chengjiao and Li Dingguo's forces in Yunnan and Guizhou as a commissioned military officer. He later died in battle against Shi Cunli's troops at Chaotian Pass in Sichuan and was posthumously awarded the title of Yunqiwei.

Bulha's son, Daiyinda, inherited the hereditary title, which was subsequently inherited by Daiyinda's son, Changshou. "Commissioned" indicates the nature of the appointment at the time and cannot be omitted to imply formal appointment; "posthumously awarded" indicates the hereditary title was conferred after death. The battles in Yunnan and Guizhou should be separated from the location of his death in Sichuan; it cannot be compressed into a single death in Yunnan.

The military officer was responsible for the training and duty of his subordinate military officers, while Yunqiwei was a hereditary title of merit; the two are not different names for the same position. The genealogy also records that the great-grandson Xitku was originally a military officer, the great-great-grandson Zhulantai was originally a deputy commander, the great-great ...