Zheng Hualong

Overview

Zheng Hualong is a figure from the Eight Banners under the Zheng family entry in Volume 77 of the *Comprehensive Genealogy of the Manchu Clans of the Eight Banners*. He belonged to the Plain White Banner's bondservant (baoyi) system, and his family had lived in Shenyang for generations. The year of their submission is unknown. The genealogy preserves his family's lineage through banner affiliation, ancestral home, and the official positions of his descendants, but does not list Zheng Hualong's personal official title. His great-grandson, Jing'e Li, served as an Inner Guard Commander; Tong Bao was a Treasury Officer; and Seng Bao was a Guards Officer. His great-great-grandson, Guan De, served as a Clerk.

The Plain White Banner was one of the Eight Banners. "bondservant" indicates a specific affiliation, while "under the command" indicates the organizational structure. "Inner Guard Commander" was a separate administrative title; an ancestor's organizational status should not be directly interpreted as him holding the position of Inner Guard Commander. The Imperial Household Department was responsible for the daily administration, supplies, and duties of the imperial family, and its Inner Guard Commander system was related to palace supplies; Treasury Officers were warehouse personnel, and Guards Officers managed the guards and participated in defense.

Guan De's scribes were clerical officials, their Manchu title transliterated as bithesi, related to bithe (book, document). Their duties included copying, registration, and official written affairs, with specific Manchu and Chinese responsibilities varying depending on the institution. These clerical, treasury, and guard positions belonged to Zheng Hualong's descendants, providing records of service areas across different generations.