INDEPENDENT REFERENCE · MANCHU LANGUAGE, HISTORY & CULTUREManchuCulture.net ↗
EXPLORE MORELearn ManchuManchu ScriptMing YeMain Website
Wiki › People & Biographies › Wu Yingxiong and the Revolt of the Three Feudatories
ENCYCLOPEDIA ENTRY   /   People & Biographies

Wu Yingxiong and the Revolt of the Three Feudatories

English editorial translation of the Chinese source entry

Wu Yingxiong was the son of Wu Sangui and a Qing imperial son-in-law in the early decades of the dynasty. Following his father's submission to the Qing, Wu Yingxiong married a daughter of Hong Taiji and lived principally in Beijing. The designation efu identified his relationship…

Written by MING YEPeople & BiographiesManchuCulture Wiki
Source-based English editorial manuscript · Historical details subject to final source verification.

Imperial marriage and political position

Wu Yingxiong was the son of Wu Sangui and a Qing imperial son-in-law in the early decades of the dynasty. Following his father's submission to the Qing, Wu Yingxiong married a daughter of Hong Taiji and lived principally in Beijing. The designation efu identified his relationship by marriage to the imperial family; it was not a normal field command. His situation illustrates how dynastic marriage connected the Qing court to powerful military families whose loyalties later became contested.

His father's military power

Wu Sangui governed a substantial military sphere in Yunnan and Guizhou and was counted, alongside the Shang family in Guangdong and the Geng family in Fujian, among the Three Feudatories. Wu Yingxiong received honorary distinctions including shaofu and taizi taifu. In this context these were marks of court rank, not evidence that he personally tutored the emperor or crown prince. Sources report that he returned to Beijing after being permitted to visit his father in Yunnan.

Detention and execution

Wu Sangui rose in revolt in 1673. Wu Yingxiong, who remained in the capital, was arrested; in the following year the Qing court ordered his execution together with his son Wu Shilin. Younger family members were treated separately. These events must be distinguished by individual and location: the father directed military operations in the southwest, whereas Wu Yingxiong was detained and executed as an imperial-connected relative in Beijing. He should not be described as personally initiating the Yunnan rebellion.

Sources and Bibliography

  1. Historical source 1 — zh.wikisource.org
  2. Historical source 2 — zh.wikisource.org
  3. Historical source 3 — zh.wikisource.org
  4. Historical source 4 — zh.wikisource.org

Links reproduce references supplied with the Chinese editorial manuscript; they do not establish that every individual statement has undergone independent archival verification.