Luo Tuo

Overview

Luo Tuo was a member of the Yilali clan, belonging to the Plain Blue Banner. His ancestral home was recorded as "Yin" in Volume 47 of the Qing Dynasty's official genealogy, *The Comprehensive Genealogy of the Manchu Clans of the Eight Banners*, and he submitted to the Qing Dynasty at the beginning of the dynasty. The genealogy separates clan and ancestral home; "Yin" here is a historical place name and cannot be directly interpreted as a surname or the capital of the Shang Dynasty. Its modern location still needs verification.

Luo Tuo's great-grandson, Hanai, served as a cavalry officer in the Fujian campaign. He died in battle and was posthumously awarded the title of Yunqiwei (LongWei). His son, Wandali, inherited the title and served as a third-class bodyguard. Later, it was inherited by Zhahada, the son of Wandali's younger brother, who was recorded as a Zuoling (ZuoLing) ​​in the genealogy. Another great-grandson, Kuakexi, participated in the wars in Guizhou, Guangxi, and Yunnan as a Zuoling, distinguishing himself at Shimenkan and Huangcaoba, and was awarded the title of Qiduwei (PengDuWei). This title was later succeeded by Kaibao and Fucheng. While cavalry officers and Zuoling were banner officers, bodyguards were attendants of princes and nobles, while Yunqiwei and Qiduwei were hereditary titles. These two lines of merit and inheritance originated from different great-grandsons, and cannot be combined to represent Luo Tuo's personal military achievements, nor can they link Wandali and Kaibao into a father-son relationship. Records such as the great-grandson Lede serving as an assistant minister and Antu serving as a deputy commander indicate the subsequent areas of service held by this family. The original inscriptions of the terms of office and place names of each branch still need to be verified.