Clan and Banner Background
Tongyan Gioro is recorded in volume 18 of the Qianlong Comprehensive Genealogy of the Manchu Clans of the Eight Banners. One principal branch came from Ya'erhu. Maohai, of the Bordered Blue Banner, submitted in the early Qing period and received the hereditary rank qidu wei. After service defending Yaozhou, he was killed during the siege of Jinzhou and posthumously granted a higher, second-class qingche duwei distinction. Its first recorded successor was his son Menggu'erdai; subsequent transfers involved Tulai, Ke'erhun and members of related lines.
Family Service and Distinctions
The hereditary succession is unusually complex. Tusihai, who had inherited family distinctions and later distinguished himself during the campaign against Galdan, requested that part of a military reward originally earned by his paternal uncle be assigned to another family branch. The genealogy therefore documents both divided succession and the accumulation of awards from different achievements. It cannot accurately be reduced to a single uninterrupted father-to-son chain.
Kinship, Succession, and Evidence
Another Ya'erhu family descending from Tuerhun also belonged to the Bordered Blue Banner; its descendants served as niru commanders, assistant directors, deputy banner commanders and administrative scribes. Suzali is explicitly described as kin to Tuerhun. The location of Ya'erhu, the precise dates of succession and the relationships among collateral branches need further investigation. Similar-sounding Gioro surnames are not automatically identical to Tongyan Gioro. Source: Eight Banners Manchu Clan Genealogy, vol. 18.
Sources and Bibliography
- Source reference 1 — zh.wikisource.org
- Source reference 2 — zh.wikisource.org
- Source reference 3 — gerel.net
- Source reference 4 — dict.revised.moe.edu.tw
- Source reference 5 — zh.wikisource.org
References reproduce links supplied with the Chinese research manuscript. Individual historical claims have not all been independently verified against the primary sources.
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