26 available English editorial draft articles.
to the Manchu Word Compendium) is a Qing lexicographical work organized around Manchu headwords with corresponding Chinese explanations. It was compiled by Yixing to supp
Archives & Historical Sourcestitled Man-Han Zi Qingwen Qimeng (Introduction to the Manchu Language in Manchu and Chinese), was a bilingual Manchu textbook compiled by Wuge during the Qing period. The
Archives & Historical SourcesCollection of Manchu Words) is a late Qing Manchu–Chinese dictionary arranged for lexical consultation and compiled in twelve volumes under editors including Zhikuan and
Archives & Historical Sources(Comprehensive Gazetteer of Shengjing) is a Qing geographical and institutional compilation concerning Shengjing and the surrounding region. Shengjing had served as an im
Archives & Historical SourcesThe Qing Dynasty Palace Archives are historical records created by the Qing court and its related institutions in the processes of government affairs, etiquette, daily li
Archives & Historical SourcesBaqi wenjing (Selected Prose of the Eight Banners) is a late-Qing literary compilation associated in bibliographic records with the editors Shengyu and Yang Zhongxi. A co
Archives & Historical Sourcescollection of poetry and prose by Duncheng, a writer of the Qing imperial clan. In the examined text, the first two juan contain poetry in classical and regulated forms,
Archives & Historical Sourceslocal gazetteer covering the history, institutions, and geography of the Jilin region under the Qing. The consulted bibliographic record describes the late-Guangxu compil
Archives & Historical Sourcestongpu , conventionally rendered here as Comprehensive Genealogies of the Manchu Clans of the Eight Banners, is an officially compiled Qing genealogical source associated
Archives & Historical SourcesDa Jin jili (Collected Ritual Regulations of the Great Jin) is a compilation of ritual materials associated with the Jurchen-founded Jin dynasty. The received text compri
Archives & Historical SourcesDa Xiao Ya Tang shiji is a collection of poems by the Qing writer Chengling, whose courtesy name was Zunsheng and who was associated with Jilin. The collection includes a
Archives & Historical SourcesGuangyang zaji (Miscellaneous Notes from Guangyang) is a collection of notes attributed to the Qing author Liu Xianting. The examined electronic transcription is arranged
Archives & Historical SourcesShangyu baqi (“Imperial Edicts to the Eight Banners”) is the title of an official compilation of Yongzheng-reign directives concerning banner administration. It must be d
Archives & Historical Sourcesas the imperial jade genealogies, were official registers of lineage and family status within the Qing ruling house. They documented changes within the imperial clan and
Archives & Historical Sourcescalled the Xiyu tongwenzhi, was a multilingual reference work produced under the Qianlong emperor to standardize names of places, individuals, offices, and other terms as
Archives & Historical Sourcesmiscellany by the Qing scholar Wang Shizhen, organized into four divisions: Tan gu (accounts of the past), Tan xian (accounts of notable people), Tan yi (discussions of t
Archives & Historical SourcesJiusitang shigao xubian (“Supplement to the Poetry Manuscripts of Jiusitang”) is a continuation of the poetry collection of Yixuan, Prince Chun of the Qing imperial house
Archives & Historical SourcesA Manchu dictionary is a reference book that records Manchu vocabulary, definitions, pronunciations, grammatical information, and usage examples. It may be compiled in Ma
Archives & Historical SourcesTranslation of Manchu documents involves converting Qing Dynasty Manchu texts into Chinese, English, or other languages. It is not simply replacing individual Manchu lett
Archives & Historical SourcesManchu manuscripts are historical written materials recorded in Manchu by hand, including official documents, private notes, dictionary copies, religious records, letters
Archives & Historical SourcesManchu woodblock prints are versions of books and documents written in Manchu script, produced using woodblock printing techniques, distinct from handwritten manuscripts
Archives & Historical SourcesManchu-Chinese bilingual documents are historical materials that contain both Manchu and Chinese texts within the same work or document, commonly found in Qing Dynasty ad
Archives & Historical SourcesManchu archives are historical documents recorded and preserved in Manchu, especially materials related to government affairs, military affairs, court matters, banner aff
Archives & Historical SourcesManchu memorials to the emperor are official documents written in Manchu and submitted to the emperor during the Qing Dynasty. They are an important part of the official
Archives & Historical SourcesManchu-Chinese bilingualism refers to the simultaneous use of Manchu and Chinese characters in the same artifact, document, or text. Examples of this parallel writing can
Archives & Historical Sourcesby the Qing author Liu Tingji. The examined edition in the Liaohai congshu presents four juan with introductory and concluding materials. Here zazhi means collected notes
Archives & Historical SourcesThe New Qing History is a significant area of discussion in Qing history research since the late 20th century. It emphasizes re-examining the Qing dynasty's state struc
Archives & Historical SourcesThe Old Manchu Archives is an important Manchu archival resource for studying the history of the Later Jin and early Qing dynasties. Its content covers political, militar
Archives & Historical SourcesThe Qing expression zhuanzhe zoushi denoted authorization to submit an individual palace memorial directly to the emperor. It concerned a channel and privilege of communi
Archives & Historical Sourcescomprise records produced by central and provincial authorities in the conduct of administration, judicial affairs, finance, military organization, diplomacy, and court a
Archives & Historical SourcesImperial edicts of the Qing Dynasty are one type of document used by the Qing emperors to issue orders, declare decisions, or convey important matters in formal written f
Archives & Historical SourcesQing Dynasty military archives are a collective term for historical documents recording the mobilization, military plans, garrisoning, provisions, frontier warfare, and m
Archives & Historical SourcesPalace memorials were official documents submitted directly to the emperor by officials during the Qing Dynasty and processed within the palace system. They differed from
Archives & Historical SourcesQingbai leichao (Classified Anecdotes of the Qing), compiled by Xu Ke and prepared and published in the early Republican period, is a large compilation of accounts and re
Archives & Historical Sourcescollection of 120 traditional sayings and narratives written in Manchu by the Qing official Songyun. During the Jiaqing period, Fujun translated the collection into Chine
Archives & Historical Sourcesmilitary history written by the Qing scholar Wei Yuan. In its preface, Wei describes gathering evidence from official historiographical materials, private histories, and
Archives & Historical SourcesQing history research encompasses the study of the Later Jin, the Qing dynasty, and its politics, society, economy, culture, and foreign relations. The research objects a
Archives & Historical SourcesThe Da Qing huidian, also called the Qing huidian or Collected Statutes of the Qing Dynasty, is a sequence of imperially commissioned compilations describing the state's
Archives & Historical SourcesThe Baqi tongzhi, or Eight Banners Gazetteer, is an imperially commissioned compilation of information on banner institutions, administration, and notable individuals. Th
Archives & Historical SourcesThe Da Jin Lama Fashi Baoji (“Memorial Record for a Lama Preceptor of the Great Jin”) is a commemorative stone inscription erected at Liaoyang in Tiancong year four (1630
Archives & Historical Sourceswork compiled by Sa Ying'e. Its prefatory material describes a process of gathering written and oral information and organizing it by subject, both to supplement gaps in
Archives & Historical SourcesThe Veritable Records of the Qing Dynasty is a comprehensive official historical record of the major political affairs and activities of the emperors of the Qing Dynasty.
Archives & Historical SourcesImperial edicts with vermilion annotations are an important type of historical material among Qing Dynasty officials' memorials, bearing the emperor's vermilion handwriti