Luo Jiquan

Overview

Luo Jiquan was a member of the Bordered Yellow Banner's bondservants under the Qing Dynasty. The Luo family had long resided in Shenyang, but the exact year of their arrival is unknown. Volume 77 of the *Comprehensive Genealogy of the Manchu Clans of the Eight Banners* records that his son, Luo Guodong, served as a stable deputy; his grandson, Changshou, served as a scribe; and his great-grandson, Fobaozhu, served as a storehouse manager. No official title was given to Luo Jiquan himself. His descendants across three generations were associated with stable affairs, clerical work, and storehouse services, respectively.

A stable deputy was a deputy position in stable management; the specific agency they served in must be considered. In addition to horses, the Qing Dynasty imperial supply system included cattle and sheep. The Qingfeng Department's cattle and sheep pens had stable masters, stable deputy masters, and stable workers; one cannot conclude that Luo Guodong managed the imperial horses solely based on the word "stable." A storehouse manager was a storehouse staff member, with a formal staff and division of responsibilities similar to the treasurer and storehouse manager.

The Manchu title for a scribe, *bithesi*, is related to *bithe* (meaning book or document). They primarily handled copying, registration, and written affairs, and their specific agency was not recorded. Fo Baozhu is also a name recorded in the original text, and one cannot infer that he was a monk based on his name. Luo Jiquan's subordinates' identities are organizational information, while the positions of his descendants are personal resume information. Explaining each generation is necessary to present the different service experiences of this family and avoid confusing the individuals.