Wurhudai of the Irgen Gioro Clan

Genealogical setting

Wurhudai appears in volume 15 of the *Comprehensive Genealogy of the Eight Banner Manchu Clans* as a member of the Irgen Gioro clan of the Plain Red Banner. His family was associated with the historical place name Federi Hada and joined the emerging Manchu polity early in its history. The genealogy identifies no office personally held by Wurhudai, but it records a sizeable later family group.

Military specializations and a civil appointment

Three great-grandsons formerly held different military posts: Sehede as a *bujunxiao* in the infantry organization, Seheli as a *xiaoqixiao* associated with Banner troops, and Changbao as a *hujunxiao* in the Guard. These are separate military establishments, not three translations of the same office. More distant descendants included Funai, formerly a *langzhong* departmental official, and Mucheng'e, formerly a *bujunxiao*.

Others were described as serving at the time of compilation: Shurhudai as a *xiaoqixiao*, Yazhu as a *fangyu* or Defence Officer, and Changde as a *qianfengxiao* in the Vanguard. The genealogy does not name Funai's department. Nor does the predominance of military titles make it reasonable to assign him to the Board of War.

Reading the evidence carefully

The phrases translated as “formerly served” and “currently serving” refer to the compilation's retrospective and contemporary vantage points, not specific appointment dates. Adjacent generational categories do not establish every individual's father. Federi Hada is a compound geographical name; the presence of “Hada” does not by itself identify it with another settlement of that name. The locality and these officials' postings require further primary-source confirmation.